The Form of Yahweh: Jesus in Numbers 12

This article is part of a series on Old Testament Christophanies.  For important background information, see An Introduction to Old Testament Christophanies–with Justin Martyr.  At the opening of Numbers 12, we read that Miriam and Aaron spoke against their brother Moses because he had married a Cushite woman.[1] The Lord heard the siblings question if He […]

Sender of the Holy Spirit: Jesus in Numbers 11

This article is part of a series on Old Testament Christophanies.  For important background information, see An Introduction to Old Testament Christophanies–with Justin Martyr.  As the Israelites continued their time in the wilderness, they complained about having only manna to eat in Numbers 11. Upon hearing their complaints, Moses had one of his own. He asked […]

Christ in the Wilderness: Jesus in Numbers 21

This article is part of a series on Old Testament Christophanies.  For important background information, see An Introduction to Old Testament Christophanies–with Justin Martyr.  In the same chapter where he wrote that “Christ” was the rock that followed the Israelites (1 Cor 10:4), the apostle Paul wrote that Christ had been with the people a second […]

Passing by the Cleft of the Rock: the Son of God in Exodus 33 and 34

This article is part of a series on Old Testament Christophanies.  For important background information, see An Introduction to Old Testament Christophanies–with Justin Martyr.  Immediately after successfully interceding for Israel, Moses had another request; he said to the Lord, “show me Your glory!” (v. 18). The Lord answered His servant: And He said, “I Myself will […]

Moses’ Friend: Jesus at the Tent of Meeting

This article is part of a series on Old Testament Christophanies.  For important background information, see An Introduction to Old Testament Christophanies–with Justin Martyr.  Exodus 33 follows the incident of the people worshipping the golden calf. In this chapter, the Lord spoke to Moses, telling him that the Israelites would continue their journey to the Promised […]

What and Why Jesus Wrote on the Ground in John 8

This article is part of a series on Old Testament Christophanies.  For important background information, see An Introduction to Old Testament Christophanies–with Justin Martyr. This article is a supplement to the previous entry, The God of Israel: Jesus in Exodus 24. After the Lord had finished speaking with Moses on Sinai, He gave him the two stone […]

Yahweh’s Name is in Him: Jesus in Exodus 23

This article is part of a series on Old Testament Christophanies.  For important background information, see An Introduction to Old Testament Christophanies–with Justin Martyr. The Lord’s instructions from Sinai included a promise that the Angel would lead the Israelites into the Promised Land: “Behold, I am going to send an angel before you to guard you along […]

The Word on Sinai: Jesus in Exodus 19

This article is part of a series on Old Testament Christophanies.  For important background information, see An Introduction to Old Testament Christophanies–with Justin Martyr. For the student of Scripture, Exodus 19 is a staple chapter. It is here where the Israelites entered into the Mosaic Covenant (or Sinaitic Covenant) with the Lord. Also, here began the […]

Standing on the Rock: The Son of God in Exodus 17 and Numbers 20

This article is part of a series on Old Testament Christophanies.  For important background information, see An Introduction to Old Testament Christophanies–with Justin Martyr. At the Lord’s command, the Israelites moved from the wilderness of Sin (the region between Elim and Mount Sinai [Exod 16:1]) and eventually came to Rephidim, which was located on the western […]

In the Pillar of Fire: Jesus in Exodus 13 and 14

This article is part of a series on Old Testament Christophanies.  For important background information, see An Introduction to Old Testament Christophanies–with Justin Martyr. As the Israelites were heading toward the Red Sea, the Lord made it clear that His promise to lead them out of Egypt wasn’t limited to Him guiding them from Heaven: The LORD was […]